1. Stat'ya podgotovlena pri finansovoj podderzhke Rossijskogo Gumanitarnogo nauchnogo fonda po proektu №15-37-11121a(ts).
2. Dlya tselej statistiki k kategorii “biznes” otneseny vse kommercheskie kompanii otkrytogo i zakrytogo tipa nesel'skokhozyajstvennogo sektora s pyat'yu i bolee naemnymi rabotnikami, raspolozhennye i osuschestvlyayuschie deyatel'nost' na territorii Soedinennykh Shtatov.
3. V obschem ob'eme finansovykh sredstv, postupivshikh ot kompanij-rezidentov, uchityvayutsya takzhe sredstva ikh zagranichnykh filialov. V sluchae inostrannykh kompanij uchityvayutsya sredstva neposredstvennoj zarubezhnoj materinskoj kompanii. Otdelenie sobstvennykh sredstv biznesa na NIOKR ot drugikh istochnikov finansirovaniya, takikh kak federal'noe pravitel'stvo, pravitel'stva shtatov i mestnye organy vlasti, kompanii-rezidenty SShA, inostrannye kompanii, inostrannye pravitel'stva, bespribyl'nye mestnye i inostrannye kompanii, nachalos' tol'ko s 2008 g. Do ehtogo vremeni vse finansy, postupivshie ikh lyubykh istochnikov, krome federal'nykh uchrezhdenij, otnosilis' k kategorii “sobstvennye sredstva biznesa”.
4. Sudakova N.A. Partnyorstvo universitetov i biznesa kak vazhnyj faktor nauchno-tekhnicheskogo liderstva SShA// SShAKanada: ehkonomika, politika, kul'tura. – 2016. – №12. – S. 98.
5. Babich S.N., Supyan V.B. “Nauchno-tekhnicheskij potentsial SShA: rol' i mesto natsional'nogo nauchnogofonda i natsional'nykh akademij” // Rossiya i Amerika v XXI veke. - 2015. -№1. V dannoj stat'e bolee podrobno raskryvaetsya vliyanie faktora preodoleniya retsessii 2008-2009 gg. na masshtaby finansirovaniya, osvoenie i dinamiku resursov v otdel'nykh sektorakh amerikanskoj nauki, vklyuchaya predprinimatel'skij sektor.
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9. Hall B., Jaffe A., Trajtenberg M. Market value and patent citation. Rand Journal of Economics. 2005. 36(1): 16-38.
10. Schumpeter J. Capitalism, socialism and democracy. 1942. New York: Harper&Brothers.
11. Bloom N., Draca M., Van Reenen J. Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese imports on innovation, IT and productivity. 2011. NBER Working Paper No. w16717.
12. Arora A., Belenzon S., Patacconi A. Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Working Paper Series No. 20902, January 2015.
13. Ehta baza dannykh rejtingovogo agentstva Standart&Pooor’s byla zapuschena v 1962 godu i daet obshirnuyu finansovuyu i statisticheskuyu informatsiyu o global'nykh korporatsiyakh po vsemu miru. Ona okhvatyvaet 99 tysyach korporativnykh tsennykh bumag, kotorye pokryvayut 99% mirovoj rynochnoj kapitalizatsii.
14. Gans J., Murray F., Stern S. Contracting over the disclosure of scientific knowledge: Intellectual property and academic publication. NBER Working Paper No. 19560. 2013.
15. Bhaskarabhalta A., Hedge D.An organizational perspective on patenting and open innovation.Organization Science. 2014. 25(6): 1744-1763.
16. Arora A., Belenzon S., Patacconi A. Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Working Paper Series No. 20902, January 2015. – P. 24.
17. Evropejskie kompanii dostatochno dlitel'noe vremya sokhranyali liderstvo po ob'emam investitsij v NIOKR. Posle Vtoroj mirovoj vojny na pervye pozitsii vyshli amerikanskie kompanii blagodarya konkurentosposobnosti v sfere razvivayuschikhsya tekhnologij, v obespechenii kotoroj klyuchevuyu rol' sygrali NIOKR, upravlencheskie i organizatsionnye resheniya.Odnako v kontse 70-kh godov proshlogo veka evropejskie kompanii – lidery, nekotorye yaponskie firmy, a otnositel'no nedavno – kompanii iz stran s bystrorastuschej ehkonomikoj, brosili vyzov amerikanskomu dominirovaniyu. Na segodnyashnij den' korporatsii, imeyuschie golovnye ofisy v Severnoj Amerike, Evrope i Yaponii, prodolzhayut lidirovat' po ob'emam raskhodov na NIOKR, no s men'shej dolej v obschemirovykh raskhodakh, chem chut' bolee desyati let nazad. Tak, za period s 2005 po 2014 g. dolya Kitaya v obschemirovykh raskhodakh na NIOKR vyrosla v 15 raz, togda kak doli Evropy, Severnoj Ameriki i Yaponii upali na 1, 6 i 25% sootvetstvenno (sm. Jaruzelski B., Staack V., Goehle B. Global Innovation 1000: Proven Paths to Innovation Success. - Strategy &/ PWC, October 28, 2014).
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